I'm Back with Hard Starting '87 XJ6

That’s scary indeed…
Did you run the pump for an hour dry?
Never heard or seen something like this before.
There must have been a short somewhere as it’s only on one side, maybe e piece of metal that lodged itself in the wrong place?

For new pump, I would suggest you get a Bosch, and now they are Turbine type pumps. They are also Ethanol compatible.
Had two el-cheapo variants and they didn’t last long.