In reply to a message from Brian Ternamian sent Thu 28 May 2009:
Brian
When I was in junior high school way back in the early
1960s, every male student took a mandatory course they
called Manual Training. Female students took Home Economics.
One full afternoon every week we were taught woodworking and
metal working, and got to make useful projects such as
boxes, knife holders, picture frames,electric lamps, and
ashtrays. Yes, ashtrays. Each project was evaluated and graded.
Shop safety was constantly taught and strictly enforced. The
machines could all be safely operated if we followed the
various procedures we were taught. Every student (except for
one classmate, John) really seemed to enjoy learning how to
begin to use measuring tools, metal shears, brakes, wood and
metal lathes, soldering irons, planes, how to sand paint and
varnish the things we had made.
‘‘Heat it, beat it, and paint it black’’ was one metalworking
instructor’s favorite saying.
Arc welding was quite frightening to us, everyone was afraid
of getting electrocuted. They even taught us how to anneal
aluminum before trying to form it into the things we made.
The wood lathe seemed to be regarded by the instructors as
the most dangerous machine of all, we could only use it
under direct hawk-like supervision by the woodworking
instructor.
Later on, the name of the course was changed to Industrial
Arts. Eventually, I am not sure when, the whole manual
training course, along with Home Ec, was canceled.
I wonder what ever happened to all those tools and machines.
Anyhow, John did not enjoy the manual training course at
all, right from the beginning. No one blamed him for not
enjoying the manual training very much though, because of
what happened to him one afternoon when we were all around
12 years old, in grade 7.
On one of the very first days of the manual training course,
the metalworking instructor decided to demonstrate the
safety of the arc welder, in response to a question from one
of us about what would happen to us if we somehow
accidentally got electrocuted. The instructor brought us
all to the welding area and demonstrated and explained the
various parts of the arc welder. Then he randomly selected
one of us, John, and told him to hold the ground electrode
in one hand and hold the stick electrode in his other hand.
John innocently held both electrodes as everyone looked on.
Then the instructor turned on the welder! ZAP!!
Poor John leaped up in the air, came down and dropped the
electrodes, and almost started crying. Everyone (except the
instructor) stood there astounded, completely silent,
frightened to even move, staring at John.
Luckily John wasnt hurt at all, and the vivid demonstration
of the non lethality of the welder (which the instructor
apparently performed every year to all new students) was a
success.
A completely different kind of society back then, no one
thought it was at all unusual for 12 year olds to make
ashtrays in school. Guys could not elect to take Home Ec,
girls could not sign up for Manual Training.–
Gary Grant S818919DN
Ottawa, Canada
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